<limits.h>

is a header file from the standard library of the C programming language which includes definitions of the characteristics of common variable types. The values are implementation specific, but may not be of lower magnitude than certain specified values in a conforming C implementation.
The C99 standard also specifies the stdint.h file, which provides names and limits for explicitly-sized platform-independent integer datatypes (e.g. int32_t for a 32-bit signed integer).
•  Member constants

The "minimum-magnitude value" column is the minimum possible magnitude for this constant as specified by the standard. In particular, _MIN values represent the minimum magnitude representable in the rarely-used one's complement and sign-magnitude forms. Most implementations will have larger magnitudes for at least some of these numbers. For instance:
•    Two's complement implementations have SCHAR_MIN equal to -128 (and similarly for all other _MIN values).
•    32-bit implementations will set INT_MAX equal to +2,147,483,647 (and likewise for INT_MIN and UINT_MAX)
•    Unicode-supporting implementations will set MB_LEN_MAX to 4 or more.
•    Many DSPs have CHAR_BIT equal to 16 or more.
Name    Description    Typical value    ANSI standard minimum-
or maximum magnitude value
CHAR_BIT                            Number of bits in a char    8    =+8
SCHAR_MIN                        Minimum value for a signed char    -128    =-127
SCHAR_MAX                       Maximum value for a signed char    +127    =+127
UCHAR_MAX                      Maximum value for an unsigned char    +255    =+255
CHAR_MIN                          Minimum value for a char    -128    =-127
(if char is represented as a
signed char; otherwise =0)
CHAR_MAX                          Maximum value for a char    +127    =+127
(if char is represented as a
signed char; otherwise =+255)
MB_LEN_MAX                       Maximum multi byte length of a character across all locales    varies, usually at least 4    =+1
SHRT_MIN                             Minimum value for a short int    -32,768    =-32,767
SHRT_MAX                           Maximum value for a short int    +32,767    =+32,767
USHRT_MAX                        Maximum value for an unsigned short int    +65,535    =+65,535
INT_MIN                              Minimum value for an int    -2,147,483,648    =-32,767
INT_MAX                            Maximum value for an int    +2,147,483,647    =+32,767
UINT_MAX                           Maximum value for an unsigned int    +4,294,967,295    =+65,535
LONG_MIN                          Minimum value for a long int    32 bit compiler    -2,147,483,648    =-2,147,483,647
        64 bit compiler    -9,223,372,036,854,775,808   
LONG_MAX                      Maximum value for a long int    32 bit compiler    +2,147,483,647    =+2,147,483,647
        64 bit compiler    +9,223,372,036,854,775,807   
ULONG_MAX                    Maximum value for an unsigned long int    32 bit compiler    +4,294,967,295    =+4,294,967,295
        64 bit compiler    +18,446,744,073,709,551,615   
LLONG_MIN                     Minimum value for a long long int    -9,223,372,036,854,775,808    =-9,223,372,036,854,775,807
LLONG_MAX                  Maximum value for a long long int    +9,223,372,036,854,775,807    =+9,223,372,036,854,775,807
ULLONG_MAX                Maximum value for an unsigned long long int    +18,446,744,073,709,551,615    =+18,446,744,073,709,551,615
•   

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